Virtualization And Hypervisor

What is Virtualization ??

The technique to split the physical resource into a logical resource as per the requirement.

Or technology that transforms hardware into software.

Here, Employee 1 has a laptop of high configurations like i7 processor, 16 gb ram, 2 TB HDD. To make run application smooth.

And somehow new employee joins in the company and the company either have to buy the same laptop or low configuration laptop which will be cost affect.

To reuse the high configuration laptop we can have two virtual screens of a single laptop to distribute the resources equally or as per the requirements.

Like : Employee-1 => 4gm RAM, 500 Gb ROM, 2 Core

Employee-1 => 4gm RAM, 500 Gb ROM, 2 Core

That’s how virtualization came into existence.

Here, Mobile Consisting Internal Memory of 32 Gb and 18 Gb of External via Memory Card.

If we try to store a file larger than an internal memory (32 Gb ) it may store in your mobile. How? Because when you attached your memory card it asks either to use your External card as internal or external memory. If we opt for it as an internal we now have a single memory of 32 + 18 Gb in total. Also, in the system, it will never show you the external card of 18 Gb because it is integrated with the internal memory.

Disadvantage: if external memory gets ejected, complete memory will get corrupt.

In the market, we have a max of 50 TB of memory ( Physical Storage) but we require 150 TB of memory.

We can have 3 separate 50 TB of memory to convert it into a single unit of 150 TB i.e logical storage.

Now the scenario is different because we are using 150 TB in a single unit.

Still, there are chances of data corruption for which we use redundancy or rate techniques.

Case study => let's say Company X before Virtualization

1. 1000 sq feet DataCenter

2. 50 physical server

3. Cooling Systems

4. 50 physical disks for server

5. Cables for server and other systems

6. Data center staff

7. Electricity and power backup

Here, physical server, Colling systems, Cables are Capex means one-time investment while opex means regular expenditure at some amount of periods like data center sq feet rent, Datacenter staff, Electricity and power backup, Cooling system Bills. Let say the company has a total expenditure of 50 lakhs per year.

Now out of 50 servers, some of them work for 10–20%, and the cost consume is 100%.

Now the main objective is to reduce costs for Opex and Capex. Here we can’t reduce any server or Staff members because these are the necessary requirement for this company.

AFTER VIRTUALIZATION =>

We can use Virtual Software i.e Hypervisor

Here, Hardware resources are distributed in VM as per the requirements.

We can have and use multiple Virtual Machines, we can have multiple servers now. i.e 1:n.

Now Virtual Machines can communicate with each other, They work as separate machines.

Now let say 10 servers are running on a single host. Now we need only 5 host machines.

a. No. of server get reduce

b. Sq feet area is reduced

c. No. of employees is reduced

d. Power consumption is reduced

e. Cooling system cost is reduce

This implies cost is reduced drastically approx 90%.

Virtualization Advantages:

A. High Availability

B. Fault Tolerance

C. Cost Reduce

D. Reduce Capex [ Capital Expenditure ] and Opex [Operational Expenditure]

What is Hypervisor??

The hypervisor is a piece of software or firmware that creates and run Virtual Machines. A Hypervisor is sometimes also called a Virtual Machines Manager (VMM).

firmware is a specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for a device’s specific hardware and it’s a inbuilt software on any hardware.

Two types of hypervisor =>

a. Type-1 (Bare Metal/ Native Hypervisor)

b. Type-2 (Hosted Hypervisor)

Example: ESXi Hypervisor is of Vmware and Hyper-V is of Microsoft.

A. Type-1 hypervisor or Bare Metal/ Native Hypervisor =>

Hypervisor helps to create virtualize the environment.

Example: In our hardware let say 64 ROM, 16 Gb RAM, 512 SDD, 8 CPU core. We can create many no of virtual machines of any Operating System as per the resources available. Like: VM-1 of 12 gb ROM, 2 gb RAM , 128 SDD, 2 core…. Etc etc.

ESXi provides a virtualization layer that abstracts the CPU, Storage, Memory, and Networking Resources of the physical host to multiple Virtual Machines.

1. Type-1 hypervisor is a Firmware that can run without any OS.

2. IT acts as their own operating System

B. Type-2 Hypervisor ( Hosted Type )=>

1. Hypervisor that runs within a Conventional OS Environment and the host OS provides

2. Examples are VMware workstation, oracle virtual box, and Microsoft virtual Pc

3. It does not have direct access to the host hardware and software.